Today’s quantum computing hardware is severely limited in what it can do by errors that are difficult to avoid. There can be problems with everything from setting the initial state of a qubit to ...

Quantum error‐correcting codes (QECCs) have emerged as a crucial instrument in the quest to realise reliable quantum information processing. These codes utilise sophisticated mathematical frameworks ...

Universal fault-tolerant quantum computing relies on the implementation of quantum error correction. An essential milestone is the achievement of error-corrected ...

Unlike binary bits of information in ordinary computers, “qubits” consist of quantum particles that have some probability of being in each of two states, designated |0 and |1 , at the same time. When ...

Quantum bits are fussy and fragile. Useful quantum computers will need to use an error-correction technique like the one that was recently demonstrated on a real machine. In 1994, Peter Shor, a ...

The same codes needed to thwart errors in quantum computers may also give the fabric of space-time its intrinsic robustness. Unlike binary bits of information in ordinary computers, “qubits” consist ...