Aim The goals of this study were to: (1) compare water conductivity and pH as proxy measures of mineral richness in relation to mollusc assemblages in fens, (2) examine the patterns of mollusc species ...

Elastic flows and gradient flows in planar curves form a vibrant area of research in geometric analysis, where curves evolve in time under rules dictated by an energy functional. Central to this ...

Some of the greatest features in Photoshop are the text, object, and image effects such as Textures, Patterns, Gradients, and Styles. Styles are those amazing special effects that you see rolling ...

A new theoretical approach to the study of distribution is presented in this paper. The central concerns the types of interactions between organisms and their surroundings which may function to impose ...